Photo AI
1 (a) Describe two features of Magna Carta - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 1
1 (a) Describe two features of Magna Carta. Feature 1 Feature 2 (b) Explain why Richard I was able to secure his power when he became king. You may use the follo... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:1 (a) Describe two features of Magna Carta - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe two features of Magna Carta.
Answer
-
The Magna Carta established that the monarchy was not absolute, stating that even the king was subject to the law. This principle laid the foundation for the rule of law in England.
-
It introduced the concept of due process, ensuring that no free man could be imprisoned or stripped of his rights without a lawful trial. This protection was a significant advancement in individual rights.
Step 2
Explain why Richard I was able to secure his power when he became king.
Answer
Richard I was able to secure his power for several reasons:
-
Richard's Brother, John: After the death of their father, Richard's position was supported by John, who had a vested interest in Richard's rule. John’s actions were sometimes self-serving, which further bolstered Richard's authority.
-
Richard's Coronation: Richard’s coronation in 1189 helped legitimize his kingship and secure loyalty from the nobles. It was a public affirmation of his authority and critical to rallying support among the barons.
-
Strategic Alliances: Richard formed essential alliances with significant factions within the kingdom and maintained a diplomatic approach, ensuring stability and support.
-
Military Reputation: His prior military success earned him a reputation that commanded respect and loyalty among his subjects and allies, making it easier for him to consolidate his power.
Step 3
‘Financial gain was the main reason for men joining the English crusading army.’ How far do you agree? Explain your answer.
Answer
While financial gain was a significant motivating factor for many men joining the crusading army, it was not the sole reason. Many participants were driven by religious conviction, viewing the Crusades as a holy mission to reclaim the Holy Land. Additionally, social status and the promise of adventure also played crucial roles. Therefore, while financial gain was important, it must be considered alongside these other significant motivations.
Step 4
‘King John's use of arbitrary power was the main reason for his worsening relationship with the barons in the years 1209–14.’ How far do you agree? Explain your answer.
Answer
King John's arbitrary tactics, such as imposing fines and taking territories like Normandy without proper justification, undoubtedly fueled discontent among the barons. However, underlying political tensions and his inability to maintain strong alliances also played critical roles. The barons ultimately wished for a monarchy accountable to them, making John's authoritarian style a primary but not exclusive cause of the growing rift.