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Explain why the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was able to consolidate its hold on power in the years 1951–52 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 2
Explain why the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was able to consolidate its hold on power in the years 1951–52. You may use the following in your answer: - People’s L... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was able to consolidate its hold on power in the years 1951–52 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
Answer
The People's Liberation Army (PLA) played a vital role in the consolidation of power for the CCP during this period. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the PLA was instrumental in maintaining security and enforcing CCP policies across the country. The military's presence helped to eliminate remnants of resistance against the Communist regime, particularly in rural areas. Additionally, the PLA engaged in land reforms, redistributing land to the poor and eliminating the traditional landlord class, which increased support for the party among peasant populations. By presenting itself as the protector of the people, the PLA significantly bolstered the CCP's legitimacy.
Step 2
the three antis’ movement
Answer
The 'three antis' movement, initiated in 1951, targeted corruption, waste, and bureaucratism within the party and government. This campaign was designed to root out elements perceived as harmful to the state's integrity and efficiency. By tackling corruption directly, the CCP aimed to foster public trust and loyalty. Those within the party who were found to be engaging in corrupt practices were punished, reinforcing a narrative that the CCP was committed to governing for the people. This movement not only consolidated power by promoting discipline within the party but also resonated with the public's desire for a more just and accountable government.
Step 3
Use of Information of Your Own
Answer
In addition to the PLA and the three antis movement, economic policies also played a significant role in the CCP's consolidation of power. The mutual aid teams and cooperatives were introduced to reorganize agricultural production, encouraging collective farming, which further integrated the peasantry into the party's network. Economic recovery from the devastation of war and the promise of prosperity helped the CCP to gain support among various classes. The effective use of propaganda also ensured that the CCP maintained a strong ideological grip on the populace, creating a narrative of progress and unity under Communist governance.