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Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed in the period c1800–present - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 4
Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed in the period c1800–present. You may use the following in your answer: • anaesthetics • high-tech surgery You must al... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed in the period c1800–present - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed due to anaesthetics
Answer
The introduction of anaesthetics in the 19th century marked a pivotal change in attitudes toward surgery. Prior to this, surgery was often seen as a last resort due to the extreme pain associated with the procedures. The development of ether and chloroform allowed patients to undergo surgery with reduced pain and suffering, thus altering public perception. People began to view surgery as a more viable and humane option for treatment, leading to an increase in surgical procedures.
Step 2
Explain why attitudes towards surgery changed due to high-tech surgery
Answer
With advancements in technology, especially in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, attitudes toward surgery have evolved further. High-tech surgeries, such as minimally invasive procedures and robotic surgeries, have significantly reduced recovery times and surgical complications. The perception of surgery as a high-risk undertaking diminishes as outcomes improve—resulting in greater acceptance and reliance on surgical interventions in healthcare.
Step 3
Use information of your own
Answer
Public health campaigns and advancements in surgical education have also played roles in changing attitudes. Increased awareness of surgical techniques and the benefits of operations, alongside improved safety protocols, have contributed to a more positive view of surgery. Furthermore, societal trust in medical professionals has grown, as evidenced by the establishment of patient advocacy groups, which support informed decision-making regarding surgical options.