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Write a narrative account analysing the ways in which British and American relations deteriorated in the years 1770–75 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 2
Write a narrative account analysing the ways in which British and American relations deteriorated in the years 1770–75. You may use the following in your answer: •... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Write a narrative account analysing the ways in which British and American relations deteriorated in the years 1770–75 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Boston Massacre (1770)
Answer
The Boston Massacre, which occurred on March 5, 1770, marked a significant turning point in the relationship between Britain and America. Tensions had been escalating due to various acts imposed by the British government, including the Townshend Acts, which taxed goods imported to the colonies. The event began when a confrontation between colonists and British soldiers escalated into violence, resulting in the death of five colonists.
This incident was heavily publicized by colonial leaders like Paul Revere and Samuel Adams. They used it to galvanize public opinion against British rule, portraying the soldiers as brutal oppressors. The Boston Massacre not only intensified anti-British sentiment but also acted as a unifying event for the colonies, leading to greater collaboration among them and setting the stage for future resistance.
Step 2
Second Continental Congress (1775)
Answer
The Second Continental Congress convened in May 1775 in response to the growing tension after the outbreak of hostilities at Lexington and Concord. The Congress represented a significant step in colonial unity and governance, moving away from mere protest towards seeking independence.
During this Congress, decisive actions were taken, including the formation of the Continental Army, led by George Washington. The Congress also aimed to address the grievances against the British Crown and sought to negotiate peace initially, but as British military actions intensified, the atmosphere shifted towards independence. The Congress's eventual decision to declare independence in 1776 marked a definitive break from Britain, solidifying the rift that had been forming since events like the Boston Massacre.
Step 3
Analysis of American Sentiment
Answer
Beyond these significant events, the economic and social factors also played a crucial role. The Intolerable Acts, enacted in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party, further alienated the colonies. These acts aimed to punish Massachusetts but ended up uniting the colonies against perceived tyranny. The growing awareness of a shared identity as Americans was fostered by widespread discussions and publications that proposed independence as a viable solution.
Consequently, the years 1770-75 illustrate a trajectory of increasing discontent that transformed from localized grievances to a collective revolutionary movement, culminating in the independence struggle.