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4 (a) Describe two features of the Eltham Ordinances - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 4
4 (a) Describe two features of the Eltham Ordinances. Feature 1 (b) Explain why the Pilgrimage of Grace took place. You may use the following in your answer: - i... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:4 (a) Describe two features of the Eltham Ordinances - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe two features of the Eltham Ordinances.
Answer
The Eltham Ordinances were significant reforms introduced to the Royal Court by Cardinal Wolsey. One key feature was that they aimed to streamline the operations of the royal household, which included reducing the number of Privy Chamber members. This was intended to lessen the financial burden on the crown and promote efficiency in governance.
Another notable feature was the establishment of rules for court life, which included stricter supervision over finances and procedures. These changes reflected Wolsey's desire to exert greater control over the royal court and reduce the influence of other nobles.
Step 2
Explain why the Pilgrimage of Grace took place.
Answer
The Pilgrimage of Grace was a significant uprising in 1536, primarily driven by discontent over the inspection of monasteries initiated by the crown. This action, viewed as a threat to the traditional practices and resources of the local communities, led to spontaneous protests, particularly in Lincolnshire.
Additionally, the policy of enclosure contributed to unrest, as it forced many peasants off their lands and into poverty. People were agitated by the loss of their livelihoods and the concentration of land ownership in the hands of a few.
Religious grievances also played a crucial role. The dissolution of monasteries not only threatened the welfare of the poor who relied on them but also angered many who were devoted to the Catholic faith. The overarching sense of injustice regarding rising food prices, exacerbated by poor harvests in 1535 and 1536, led to increased tensions among the populace, who were already feeling the strain of economic hardships.
Step 3
‘The main reason for Wolsey’s rise to power was that he was a good organiser.’ How far do you agree? Explain your answer.
Answer
While it is true that Cardinal Wolsey's organisational skills played a significant role in his ascent to power, other factors should also be considered. His successful expedition to France in 1525, for instance, showcased not only his military planning capabilities but also his diplomatic finesse in managing relations with other European powers.
Moreover, Wolsey's position as Royal Almoner allowed him to control the distribution of royal patronage and wealth, which was essential for gaining loyalty and influence within the court.
Therefore, while his organisational abilities were vital, it was a combination of strategic military efforts and his role in the distribution of royal favor that truly facilitated his rise.
Step 4
‘The reform of the Privy Council was the most important change to government made by Cromwell.’ How far do you agree? Explain your answer.
Answer
Cromwell's reform of the Privy Council in the 1530s indeed represents a significant shift in governance, as it centralized decision-making and reduced the influence of individual nobles. This change facilitated greater control for the king and streamlined governmental processes.
However, to claim it was the most important change may overlook other crucial reforms, such as the establishment of the Court of Augmentations, which dealt with the revenue from dissolved monasteries, and Cromwell's role in the English Reformation.
Thus, while the reform of the Privy Council was certainly influential, its importance must be contextualized within the broader spectrum of Cromwell's reforms that collectively transformed English society and governance.