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Explain why there was a revolution in Russia in February 1917 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 2
Explain why there was a revolution in Russia in February 1917. You may use the following in your answer: • living standards • the First World War You must also use... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain why there was a revolution in Russia in February 1917 - Edexcel - GCSE History - Question 2 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Living standards
Answer
In the years leading up to 1917, living standards in Russia deteriorated significantly. The impact of World War I placed immense pressure on the economy, leading to food shortages and inflation. Many urban workers faced severe hardships as wages became insufficient to cover basic needs. This discontent among the working class escalated, fostering civil unrest and supporting revolutionary sentiments.
In addition, the government’s failure to address these living conditions exacerbated the frustration of the populace. Strikes became common as workers demanded better conditions and wages, further destabilizing the social order.
Step 2
The First World War
Answer
The First World War had a profound effect on Russia, both militarily and socially. The military losses were staggering, with millions of soldiers killed or wounded. This not only diminished morale among the troops but also eroded public confidence in the Tsarist regime.
Furthermore, the war created logistical challenges that crippled the economy. Resources were diverted to the front lines, leading to shortages of essential goods at home. As the war dragged on, support for the Tsar dwindled, culminating in mass protests and strikes against the government’s inability to manage the crisis effectively.
Step 3
Other factors
Answer
Beyond living standards and WWI, there were other crucial factors contributing to the revolution. The lack of political reform and continued autocracy under Tsar Nicholas II stoked public frustration. Many Russians were yearning for democratic reforms and were influenced by revolutionary ideologies.
Moreover, the role of revolutionary groups, such as the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks, was significant in organizing resistance against the regime. Their propagandistic efforts and grassroots mobilization helped amplify discontent, leading to a collective push for change.
The culmination of these factors—the desperation from poor living conditions, the war’s toll, and the absence of effective governance—set the stage for the February Revolution.