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A train travelled along a track in 110 minutes, correct to the nearest 5 minutes - Edexcel - GCSE Maths - Question 17 - 2017 - Paper 3

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A train travelled along a track in 110 minutes, correct to the nearest 5 minutes. He assumes that the track has been measured correct to the nearest 10 km. (a) Coul... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A train travelled along a track in 110 minutes, correct to the nearest 5 minutes - Edexcel - GCSE Maths - Question 17 - 2017 - Paper 3

Step 1

Could the average speed of the train have been greater than 160 km/h?

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Answer

To determine whether the average speed of the train could have been greater than 160 km/h, we first need to calculate the speed based on the distance travelled and the time taken.

  1. Calculate the Time Range: Since the time is given as 110 minutes, correct to the nearest 5 minutes, the time could actually range from:

    • Minimum: 110 - 2.5 = 107.5 minutes
    • Maximum: 110 + 2.5 = 112.5 minutes
  2. Convert to Hours:

    • Minimum Time in Hours: Tmin=107.5601.7917 hoursT_{min} = \frac{107.5}{60} \approx 1.7917 \text{ hours}
    • Maximum Time in Hours: Tmax=112.5601.875 hoursT_{max} = \frac{112.5}{60} \approx 1.875 \text{ hours}
  3. Calculate the Possible Distances: Assuming the track is 270 km long, the speed can be calculated using: Speed=DistanceTimeSpeed = \frac{Distance}{Time}

    • Minimum Speed: Smin=270 km1.875 hours144 km/hS_{min} = \frac{270 \text{ km}}{1.875 \text{ hours}} \approx 144 \text{ km/h}
    • Maximum Speed: Smax=270 km1.7917 hours150.6 km/hS_{max} = \frac{270 \text{ km}}{1.7917 \text{ hours}} \approx 150.6 \text{ km/h}
  4. Conclusion: As both calculated speeds (144 km/h and approximately 150.6 km/h) are below 160 km/h, we can conclude that the average speed of the train could not have been greater than 160 km/h.

Step 2

Explain how this could affect your decision in part (a).

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Answer

The effect of the track being measured to the nearest 5 km instead of the nearest 10 km suggests that the true length of the track could be less than 270 km, possibly affecting the calculations in part (a).

  1. Possible Shorter Distance: Since the track is measured to the nearest 5 km, the actual distance could range from:

    • Minimum: 267.5 km (i.e., 270 km - 2.5 km)
    • Maximum: 272.5 km (i.e., 270 km + 2.5 km)
  2. Implications for Speed Calculation: If the actual distance is less than 270 km, this would mean: S=DistanceTimeS = \frac{Distance}{Time}

    For example, if the track actually measures 267.5 km, the speed could be calculated as: Speed=267.51.7917149.4 km/h Speed = \frac{267.5}{1.7917} \approx 149.4 \text{ km/h} This is still below 160 km/h.

  3. Final Impact: Therefore, knowing that the track length might be shorter means that it strengthens the conclusion reached in part (a) that the average speed cannot exceed 160 km/h.

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