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Figure 3 shows steeplechase athletes running a race - Edexcel - GCSE Physical Education - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 4
Figure 3 shows steeplechase athletes running a race. The race involves running 3000m and jumping hurdles. Examine how two different muscle fibre types are used by ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 3 shows steeplechase athletes running a race - Edexcel - GCSE Physical Education - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Slow twitch
Answer
The steeplechase athletes utilize slow twitch (Type I) muscle fibres during the running segment of the race. These fibres have a high aerobic capacity, which is essential for sustaining performance over the prolonged duration required to complete the 3000m race. Slow twitch fibres are resistant to fatigue, which allows the athletes to maintain a steady pace without significant tiring, thus enabling them to finish the distance effectively.
Step 2
Fast twitch
Answer
During the hurdle portion of the race, athletes rely on fast twitch (Type II) muscle fibres. This type of fibre is essential for quick, explosive actions required to clear the hurdles. Fast twitch fibres allow athletes to generate powerful movements quickly, enabling them to jump over the hurdles effectively without losing speed. This capability is crucial as it helps them to maintain momentum and avoid the fatigue that could come from repeatedly jumping during the race.