Figure 9 shows a lamp connected to a d.c - Edexcel - GCSE Physics Combined Science - Question 5 - 2022 - Paper 1

The power supplied to the lamp can be calculated using the formula:

$\text{Power} = V \times I$

Substituting the values:

$\text{Power} = 4.5 \times 0.3 = 1.35 \; W$

Thus, the power supplied to the lamp is approximately 1.4 W.

In Figure 9, the lamp operates alone and receives the full voltage of the power supply. In contrast, in Figure 10, there are two identical lamps connected in parallel, sharing the same supply voltage. As a result, the brightness of each lamp in Figure 10 is less than that of the single lamp in Figure 9 because the current divides between the two lamps, leading to less current through each lamp compared to the first scenario.

To measure the resistance of a 50 cm length of resistance wire, the student should connect the resistance wire in series with a multimeter (set to measure resistance). The circuit diagram would involve:

1. A low voltage power supply.
2. The resistance wire (50 cm).
3. A multimeter to measure the resistance.

(Include a basic circuit diagram if possible, indicating the connections.)

Direct current (d.c.) is a type of electrical current that flows in a single direction, providing a constant voltage or current. This is commonly used in devices like batteries.

In contrast, alternating current (a.c.) changes direction periodically, meaning the voltage and current can fluctuate over time. This type of current is typically used in household power supplies, as it allows for efficient transmission over long distances.