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8 (a) Which statement describes conservation of energy in a closed system? A When there are energy transfers, the total energy reduces B When there are energy transfers, the total energy does not change C When there are no energy transfers, the total energy reduces D When there are no energy transfers, the total energy increases (b) A student uses the apparatus in Figure 12 to find out which of two materials, sand or sawdust, is the better insulator - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 8 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 8
8 (a) Which statement describes conservation of energy in a closed system? A When there are energy transfers, the total energy reduces B When there are energy tran... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:8 (a) Which statement describes conservation of energy in a closed system? A When there are energy transfers, the total energy reduces B When there are energy transfers, the total energy does not change C When there are no energy transfers, the total energy reduces D When there are no energy transfers, the total energy increases (b) A student uses the apparatus in Figure 12 to find out which of two materials, sand or sawdust, is the better insulator - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 8 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
8(a) Which statement describes conservation of energy in a closed system?
Answer
The correct statement is B: When there are energy transfers, the total energy does not change. This reflects the principle of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Step 2
8(b)(i) Draw a labelled diagram to show how the student should set up the equipment to investigate which material is the better insulator.
Answer
To set up the experiment, the student should:
- Draw a kettle connected to a power source for boiling water.
- Include a large copper can filled with hot water placed on top of a heat source.
- Place a thermometer in the water to monitor the temperature.
- Position two smaller containers: one filled with sand and the other with sawdust, both placed underneath the large copper can.
- A stop clock should be included to measure the cooling time accurately.
Step 3
8(b)(ii) List three factors that affect the investigation of which material is the better insulator.
Answer
- The mass/volume of water used in the large copper can.
- The volume/thickness of the insulators (sand and sawdust).
- The starting temperature of the water used before the experiment begins.
- The time interval or temperature change observed during the experiment.