During the twentieth century red-shift and CMB radiation were discovered. They have provided scientists with data to test theories of the origin of the Universe. (a) (i) CMB is an abbreviation for (ii) State which theory about the origin of the Universe is supported by the existence of CMB. (iii) There is a red-shift in the light received from some galaxies. State what is meant by red-shift. (b) Stars have different stages in their evolution. (i) Which of these gives the next stages in the evolution of the Sun? Put a cross (X) in the box next to your answer. A white dwarf then black hole B neutron star then white dwarf C red giant then supernova D red giant then white dwarf (ii) Modern telescopes can provide us with more data than the telescopes used 100 years ago. Explain what additional data can be collected and processed using modern telescopes.

GCSE Edexcel Physics Solar system: During the twentieth century red

During the twentieth century red-shift and CMB radiation were discovered - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 1 - 2013 - Paper 1

Question 1

During the twentieth century red-shift and CMB radiation were discovered. They have provided scientists with data to test theories of the origin of the Universe. (... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:During the twentieth century red-shift and CMB radiation were discovered - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 1 - 2013 - Paper 1

Step 1

Complete the following sentence.

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Answer

CMB is an abbreviation for cosmic microwave background radiation. It is essential to include all three words for full credit.

Step 2

State which theory about the origin of the Universe is supported by the existence of CMB.

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Answer

The theory supported by the existence of CMB is the Big Bang theory. This theory posits that the Universe originated from a highly dense and hot state and has been expanding ever since.

Step 3

State what is meant by red-shift.

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Answer

Red-shift refers to the change in the observed frequency or wavelength of light from a distant galaxy, which is perceived as being shifted towards the red end of the spectrum. This indicates that the galaxy is moving away from us, which supports the notion that the Universe is expanding.

Step 4

Which of these gives the next stages in the evolution of the Sun? Put a cross (X) in the box next to your answer.

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Answer

The correct sequence for the evolution of the Sun is D: red giant then white dwarf. This indicates the stages that the Sun will evolve through after exhausting its hydrogen fuel.

Step 5

Explain what additional data can be collected and processed using modern telescopes.

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Answer

Modern telescopes can collect different wavelengths and frequencies of electromagnetic radiation that were not detectable by earlier telescopes. Additionally, they operate above the Earth's atmosphere using space telescopes, allowing for clearer and more detailed observations without interference from atmospheric distortion. This includes the ability to gather data about distant galaxies and other cosmic phenomena more effectively.

During the twentieth century red-shift and CMB radiation were discovered - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 1 - 2013 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:During the twentieth century red-shift and CMB radiation were discovered - Edexcel - GCSE Physics - Question 1 - 2013 - Paper 1

Complete the following sentence.

State which theory about the origin of the Universe is supported by the existence of CMB.

State what is meant by red-shift.

Which of these gives the next stages in the evolution of the Sun? Put a cross (X) in the box next to your answer.

Explain what additional data can be collected and processed using modern telescopes.

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