Explore the ways in which Shakespeare presents mercy as more important than justice - OCR - GCSE English Literature - Question 6 - 2019 - Paper 1

Shakespeare presents mercy as a vital and essential virtue through Portia's famous speech on mercy in Act 4, Scene 1. Here, she argues that mercy is not forced but given freely, to illustrate its inherent value. The imagery of mercy falling like 'the gentle rain from heaven' emphasizes its benevolent and nurturing qualities, highlighting that it benefits both the giver and the receiver.

Portia contrasts mercy with justice, stating that while justice is a necessary construct for societal order, it lacks the compassion and grace that mercy embodies. She emphasizes that mercy is 'mighty' and enhances the dignity of the monarch more than his crown, suggesting that true power lies in the ability to show mercy rather than to wield justice.

Additionally, she points out the limitations of justice, explaining that if justice were to be enforced strictly, no one would attain salvation, as everyone has faults and shortcomings. The statement that 'in the course of justice none of us should see salvation' conveys the idea that mercy tempers justice and allows for a more humane approach. Through this, Shakespeare asserts that mercy should ultimately prevail over justice, advocating for compassion in a flawed world.