Explore how the different responses of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to murder are presented - OCR - GCSE English Literature - Question 8 - 2019 - Paper 1

In this part of the question, we will analyze how Macbeth and Lady Macbeth's reactions to Duncan's murder illustrate their contrasting characters and moral conflicts.

Macbeth's Response

Macbeth displays intense guilt and fear following Duncan's murder. His reaction shows his inability to cope with the heinous act he has committed. He states, "I am afraid to think what I have done; look on't again I dare not." This confession emphasizes his immediate remorse, highlighting his psychological turmoil. Additionally, the imagery of blood becomes central to Macbeth’s guilt, as he questions if any amount of water can cleanse him: "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?" Here, the blood symbolizes guilt that cannot be washed away, showcasing his profound sense of remorse and foreshadowing his eventual unraveling.

Lady Macbeth's Response

In contrast, Lady Macbeth exhibits a cold and calculating demeanor. Her character initially appears unwavering and resolute; she chastises Macbeth for his fear and urges him to take action. For instance, she reprimands him, saying, "Give me the daggers...If he do bleed, I'll gild the faces of the grooms withal." This quote signifies her determination to manipulate the situation and suggests a ruthless approach. Furthermore, her statement that "a little water clears us of this deed" implies that she views the murder as a means to an end, free from the emotional burden that weighs heavily on Macbeth.

Contrasting Responses

The juxtaposition of their responses highlights the deterioration of their relationship. Macbeth’s psychological distress grows, leading him deeper into paranoia and madness, while Lady Macbeth's initial strength eventually crumbles under the weight of guilt, as seen in later acts. This contrast not only emphasizes their individual character arcs but also enhances the central themes of ambition and moral decay present throughout the play.

Conclusion

The differing responses of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to murder significantly illustrate how ambition and guilt manifest in contrasting ways, ultimately contributing to their tragic downfalls.