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Religion, peace and conflict (a) State three conditions of a Just War - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 3
Religion, peace and conflict (a) State three conditions of a Just War. (b) Outline Christian teachings about pacifism. (c) Explain why Christians have different a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Religion, peace and conflict (a) State three conditions of a Just War - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
State three conditions of a Just War.
Answer
- Just Cause: A Just War must be fought for a reason that is morally justified, such as defending against an aggressor or protecting innocent lives.
- Legitimate Authority: Only rightful authorities (like a government) can declare a Just War. This implies that the decision must come from those who have the legal right to declare war.
- Right Intention: The intention behind the war must be to achieve peace and reconciliation rather than to gain power or control.
Step 2
Outline Christian teachings about pacifism.
Answer
Christian teachings about pacifism emphasize the belief in non-violence and reconciliation.
- Jesus' Teachings: Followers are encouraged to love their enemies and turn the other cheek, as seen in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5:39).
- Historical Examples: Individuals like Martin Luther King Jr. exemplified Christian pacifism by promoting civil rights through non-violent means.
- Doctrine of Non-Violence: Many denominations, including the Quakers, advocate for absolute non-violence and highlight that every human life is sacred.
Step 3
Explain why Christians have different attitudes to terrorism.
Answer
Christians' attitudes towards terrorism are influenced by various factors:
- Interpretation of Scripture: Different interpretations of Biblical texts lead to varied views on violence and self-defense.
- Cultural Context: Christians in regions affected by terrorism may see it as a response to injustice, while those in peaceful contexts may view it purely as violence.
- Theological Perspectives: Some may emphasize God's call to peace, while others may feel justified in defending themselves against threats. This divergence in understanding can create a wide range of views regarding terrorism.
Step 4
"It is always possible to forgive people." Discuss this statement.
Answer
The statement can be evaluated from several angles:
- Theological Teachings: Christianity teaches the importance of forgiveness through Christ's example and parables, like the Prodigal Son. It's believed that forgiveness leads to spiritual healing.
- Challenges of Forgiveness: Forgiveness can be difficult, especially when faced with serious wrongs. Many find it challenging to forgive those who have caused deep pain, questioning if it’s always feasible.
- Psychological Perspective: Forgiveness is often linked to emotional well-being; however, some argue that forgetting or excusing actions can sometimes hinder justice. Overall, while Christianity promotes forgiveness as essential, it's nuanced by personal experiences and understanding.