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Religion, peace and conflict (a) Give three Jewish teachings about pacifism - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1

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Religion, peace and conflict (a) Give three Jewish teachings about pacifism. (b) Describe ways in which a Jew might work for peace. (c) Explain why there are diff... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Religion, peace and conflict (a) Give three Jewish teachings about pacifism - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1

Step 1

Give three Jewish teachings about pacifism.

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Answer

  1. Sanctity of Life: Judaism teaches that life is sacred and that preserving life is paramount. This belief encourages pacifism as it values peaceful resolutions over violence.

  2. Pursuit of Peace (Shalom): The concept of 'Shalom' refers to peace and wholeness, which Jews are encouraged to pursue actively. This highlights the importance of working towards a peaceful society.

  3. Prophetic Teachings: Jewish prophets often spoke against war and advocated for peace, emphasizing that God desires humanity to live in harmony.

Step 2

Describe ways in which a Jew might work for peace.

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Answer

  1. Community Engagement: Jews can engage with their local community to build interfaith relationships, promoting understanding and collaboration among different faiths.

  2. Advocacy: Jews might participate in advocacy for peace initiatives, supporting policies that aim to resolve conflicts through dialogue rather than violence.

  3. Education: Educating others about the values of peace and understanding Judaism's perspectives on conflict resolution can help foster a culture of peace.

Step 3

Explain why there are different Jewish beliefs about forgiveness.

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Answer

  1. Different Textual Interpretations: Jewish texts, such as the Torah and Talmud, provide varying interpretations on forgiveness, leading to diverse beliefs within the community.

  2. Cultural Perspectives: Different Jewish communities, such as Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform, may carry distinct cultural perspectives and practices regarding forgiveness.

  3. The Nature of Sin: Beliefs about what constitutes a sin and the gravity of offenses can influence views on forgiveness, leading to some believing it should be granted freely while others see it as conditional.

Step 4

'Nuclear war may sometimes be necessary.' Discuss this statement.

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Answer

Introduction

This statement raises an essential moral question regarding the justification of nuclear warfare within the context of Jewish teachings.

Supporting Arguments

  • Preservation of Life: Some argue that in extreme circumstances, nuclear warfare could be justified if it serves to protect a larger number of lives in the long run.
  • Historical Context: In history, certain wars were deemed necessary to stop greater evils, such as genocides.

Counterarguments

  • Pacifism: The overarching Jewish principle of valuing life argues against any form of war, including nuclear.
  • Ethical Concerns: The catastrophic consequences of nuclear weapons violate the sanctity of life and moral teachings.

Conclusion

The necessity of nuclear war should be critically examined against Jewish ethics, emphasizing peace and the sanctity of life. Ultimately, most teachings would lean against the justification of nuclear warfare.

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