Wild strains of yeast were grown in a fermenter to produce ethanol - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 6 - 2023
Question 6
Wild strains of yeast were grown in a fermenter to produce ethanol.
Stages of the process occurring in the fermenter are shown in the diagram.
(a) Name stage 1.
(b... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Wild strains of yeast were grown in a fermenter to produce ethanol - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 6 - 2023
Step 1
Name stage 1.
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Answer
Glycolysis
Step 2
Explain why the ATP produced is described as a net gain.
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Answer
In stage 1, a total of 4 ATP molecules are produced; however, 2 ATP molecules are used in the initial steps of glycolysis. Thus, the net gain of ATP is 2: more ATP is produced than is utilized.
Step 3
Name gas X produced in stage 2.
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Carbon dioxide/CO₂
Step 4
Suggest why exposure to UV light may result in yeast cells that can survive in high concentrations of ethanol.
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Exposure to UV light can cause mutations in the yeast's DNA, potentially leading to beneficial adaptations that allow the yeast to tolerate higher concentrations of ethanol.
Step 5
Name the product that pyruvate is converted to in animal cells.
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Lactate
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