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Attempt either A or B - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 5 - 2023
Question 5
Attempt either A or B. Write your answer in the space below. A Write notes on the organisation and location of DNA in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. OR B Write... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Attempt either A or B - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 5 - 2023
Step 1
Write notes on the organisation and location of DNA in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Answer
In prokaryotic cells, DNA is organized as circular chromosomes and plasmids, located primarily in the cytoplasm since prokaryotes lack a defined nucleus. This circular DNA structure allows for efficient replication and expression of genes.
In contrast, eukaryotic cells have linear chromosomes found within the nucleus. The DNA in these chromosomes is coiled and wrapped around proteins called histones, forming a structure known as chromatin. Eukaryotic DNA is further organized into distinct chromosomes during cell division.
In plants and fungi, a notable point is that eukaryotic cells can also contain circular DNA within their mitochondria and chloroplasts, which is similar to the DNA found in prokaryotes. Moreover, yeast is a eukaryotic organism that can contain plasmids as well, showcasing a blend of features between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organization.