A study was carried out to compare the metabolic rates of different animals - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 7 - 2022
Question 7
A study was carried out to compare the metabolic rates of different animals. The body mass and metabolic rate of each animal are shown in the table.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:A study was carried out to compare the metabolic rates of different animals - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 7 - 2022
Step 1
Describe the relationship between the body mass of animals and their metabolic rate.
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Answer
As the body mass of animals increases, their metabolic rate tends to decrease. This inverse relationship can be observed in the metabolic rates of the animals listed, where larger animals such as the red deer have significantly lower metabolic rates compared to smaller animals like the wood pigeon.
Step 2
Calculate how many times greater the metabolic rate of a wood pigeon is compared to a red deer.
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Answer
To find how many times greater the metabolic rate of a wood pigeon is compared to a red deer, we can use the formula:
extRatio=Metabolic rate of red deerMetabolic rate of wood pigeon=57.5414.0≈7.2
Thus, the metabolic rate of a wood pigeon is approximately 7.2 times greater than that of a red deer.
Step 3
State why metabolic rate was expressed as per kg.
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Answer
Metabolic rate is expressed per kg to provide a standardized measure that accounts for the varying body sizes of different animals. This allows for a fair comparison of metabolic rates across animals of different sizes.
Step 4
Name a piece of equipment used in measuring metabolic rate.
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Answer
A piece of equipment used in measuring metabolic rate is a respirometer.
Step 5
Describe the arrangement of the heart chambers in a bird.
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Answer
Birds have a four-chambered heart that consists of two atria and two ventricles. This arrangement allows for a complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, facilitating efficient circulation.
Step 6
Explain how the arrangement of its heart chambers supports a bird's high metabolic rate.
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Answer
The four-chambered heart prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, ensuring that tissues receive a high oxygen concentration. This results in more efficient oxygen delivery to cells, which is crucial for sustaining the high metabolic rates observed in birds.
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