The diagram shows the replication of DNA in a chromosome from a eukaryotic cell - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 1 - 2019
Question 1
The diagram shows the replication of DNA in a chromosome from a eukaryotic cell. The arrows show the directions of replication.
(a) Name protein X.
(b) Explain why... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows the replication of DNA in a chromosome from a eukaryotic cell - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 1 - 2019
Step 1
Name protein X.
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Answer
Histone
Step 2
Explain why primers are necessary for DNA replication.
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Answer
Primers are essential because they provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to add nucleotides. DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to an existing strand of DNA, and the primer allows for this initiation of replication.
Step 3
(i) Explain why only the leading strand can be replicated continuously.
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Answer
The leading strand can be replicated continuously because it runs in the 3' to 5' direction relative to the replication fork, allowing DNA polymerase to add nucleotides in a continuous manner as the DNA unwinds.
Step 4
(ii) Name the enzyme that joins fragments together in the lagging strand.
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Answer
DNA ligase
Step 5
Describe how DNA is organised in prokaryotes.
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Answer
In prokaryotes, DNA is organized in circular chromosomes and may also exist in the form of plasmids, which are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA.
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