Photo AI
Attempt either A or B - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 15 - 2023
Question 15
Attempt either A or B. Write your answer in the space below and on pages 29 and 30. A (i) Write notes on plant and animal breeding under the following headings: i... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Attempt either A or B - Scottish Highers Biology - Question 15 - 2023
Step 1
(i) Write notes on plant and animal breeding under the following headings: inbreeding
Answer
Inbreeding involves breeding among closely related individuals over several generations. This practice leads to a decrease in heterozygosity and an increase in homozygosity, as traits become more uniform. However, it also carries the risk of inbreeding depression, which is the accumulation of deleterious recessive alleles that adversely affect the health and viability of offspring. This condition can result in reduced fertility and increased susceptibility to diseases, ultimately leading to diminished population viability.
Step 2
(ii) crossbreeding.
Answer
Crossbreeding is the process of mating individuals from different breeds or cultivars to produce hybrids. This results in the first filial generation (F1 hybrid), which often exhibits hybrid vigor. Hybrid offspring usually inherit improved or desirable traits from both parent breeds. Notably, hybrid vigor can manifest in enhanced growth rates, better disease resistance, and increased yield. However, it is important to note that F1 hybrids are typically not bred together as their F2 offspring may show too much variation, which can diminish desired traits.