The table shows the boiling points and structures of some isomers with molecular formula C5H10O2 - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 12 - 2016
Question 12
The table shows the boiling points and structures of some isomers with molecular formula C5H10O2.
Isomer | Structure | Boiling point (°C)
1 | ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The table shows the boiling points and structures of some isomers with molecular formula C5H10O2 - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 12 - 2016
Step 1
Name the intermolecular force which accounts for the higher boiling points of isomers 1, 2 and 3.
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Answer
The intermolecular force that accounts for the higher boiling points of isomers 1, 2, and 3 is hydrogen bonding. This occurs due to the presence of hydroxyl (–OH) groups in the structures, which facilitates strong interactions between molecules.
Step 2
Using the information in the table, describe two ways in which differences in structure affect the boiling points of isomeric esters 4-8.
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Answer
More branching in the structure generally lowers the boiling point. For instance, isomer 4 has less branching than isomer 5, resulting in a higher boiling point.
The position of the ester link also influences boiling points. The nearer the ester link is to the right end of the molecule, the lower the boiling point tends to be, as seen when comparing isomers 6 and 7.
Step 3
Predict the boiling point, in °C, for the isomer shown below.
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Answer
The predicted boiling point for the isomer shown is expected to be between 99 and 124 °C, likely around 116 °C.
Step 4
Label each peak in the ethyl ethanoate spectrum with a number to match the carbon atom in ethyl ethanoate.
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Answer
The peaks in the ethyl ethanoate spectrum can be labeled in order as follows: 2, 3, 1, 4.
Step 5
Determine the number of peaks that would be seen in the carbon-13 NMR spectrum for the ester shown below.
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Answer
The number of peaks in the carbon-13 NMR spectrum for the ester shown would be 5.
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