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Differences in physical and chemical properties can be used to distinguish one compound from another - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 11 - 2019
Question 11
Differences in physical and chemical properties can be used to distinguish one compound from another. The compounds extracted from orange juice include antioxidants... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Differences in physical and chemical properties can be used to distinguish one compound from another - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 11 - 2019
Step 1
Comment on Limonene and Fructose
Answer
Limonene is a hydrocarbon with a characteristic scent, while fructose is a sugar with a sweet taste. Their differences in state (limonene is a liquid, while fructose can form crystals), boiling points, and solubility in water can help distinguish between the two.
Step 2
Comment on Vitamin C and Citric Acid
Answer
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin and a strong antioxidant, while citric acid, an organic acid, is responsible for the sour taste in citrus fruits. Their distinct chemical properties, such as acidity (citric acid contributes to pH changes) and specific reactions (like vitamin C’s ability to reduce metals), can distinguish them.
Step 3
Comment on Octanal and Beta-Carotene
Answer
Octanal is an aldehyde with a specific odor and is relatively non-polar, while beta-carotene is a carotenoid with a vibrant color and is non-polar as well. The differences in color (beta-carotene is orange) and their reactions with other chemicals (e.g., oxidation reactions) enable their distinction.
Step 4