Up to 10% of perfumes sold in the UK are counterfeit versions of brand name perfumes - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2015
Question 4
Up to 10% of perfumes sold in the UK are counterfeit versions of brand name perfumes.
One way to identify if a perfume is counterfeit is to use chromatography. Shown... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Up to 10% of perfumes sold in the UK are counterfeit versions of brand name perfumes - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2015
Step 1
Identify one compound present in the brand name perfume that appears in both counterfeit perfumes.
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Answer
One compound present in the brand name perfume that appears in both counterfeit perfumes is citrnellol.
Step 2
State another difference that the chromatograms show between the counterfeit perfumes and the brand name perfume.
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Answer
The concentration or volume of compounds that are common to both the brand name perfume and counterfeit perfumes differs, with some compounds present in lower concentration in the counterfeits.
Step 3
Suggest why helium is used.
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Helium is used because it is inert and will not react with the molecules being carried through the chromatography column.
Step 4
Apart from the polarity of the molecules, state another factor that would affect the retention time of molecules during gas chromatography.
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Another factor that would affect retention time is the size or mass of the molecules.
Step 5
State the name that is given to molecules consisting of joined isoprene units.
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Answer
The name given to molecules consisting of joined isoprene units is terpenes.
Step 6
State the systematic name for linalool.
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The systematic name for linalool is 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol.
Step 7
Explain why linalool can be classified as a tertiary alcohol.
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Linalool can be classified as a tertiary alcohol because the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to a carbon atom that is connected to three other carbon atoms.
Step 8
Calculate the mass of cinnamon powder, in g, which would need to be consumed by an adult weighing 75 kg to reach the tolerable daily intake.
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To calculate the mass of cinnamon powder needed to reach the tolerable daily intake of coumarin, we first find that the tolerable daily intake for a 75 kg adult is: 75 kg * 0.01 g/kg = 0.75 g of coumarin. Since 1 kg of cinnamon contains 4.4 g of coumarin, the mass of cinnamon powder required is obtained using:
ext{Required mass of cinnamon} = rac{0.75 ext{ g of coumarin}}{4.4 ext{ g of coumarin/kg of cinnamon}} = rac{0.75}{4.4} imes 1000 ext{ g} = 170.45 ext{ g}
Therefore, approximately 170 g of cinnamon powder would need to be consumed.
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