7. Terpenes consist of joined isoprene units (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 7 - 2018
Question 7
7. Terpenes consist of joined isoprene units (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene). They are classified by the number of isoprene units in the molecule.
(a) Myrcene and humulene... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:7. Terpenes consist of joined isoprene units (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 7 - 2018
Step 1
Circle an isoprene unit on the myrcene structure.
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Answer
The isoprene unit in the myrcene structure can be identified as the repeating unit represented by a chain of five carbon atoms, typically denoted as:
extIsopreneunit:C5extH8
Step 2
Name the class of terpene to which humulene belongs.
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Answer
Humulene belongs to the class of terpenes known as sesquiterpenes, which are characterized by having three isoprene units.
Step 3
Calculate the mass of squalene required to produce a batch of 500,000 doses of flu vaccine.
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To calculate the mass of squalene needed, we first convert the dose from mg to kg:
State the number of moles of hydrogen needed to fully saturate one mole of squalene to produce one mole of squalane.
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To fully saturate one mole of squalene, six moles of hydrogen are needed, since each double bond requires the addition of one mole of hydrogen.
Step 5
Name the type of reaction taking place.
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The reaction taking place is an addition reaction, where elements or compounds are added to the unsaturated moiety of limonene to form terpineol.
Step 6
Explain why no reaction takes place when terpineol is heated with copper(II) oxide.
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No reaction occurs because terpineol is a tertiary alcohol, which cannot be easily oxidized. The steric hindrance and stability of the tertiary alcohol prevent it from undergoing further reaction with copper(II) oxide.
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