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Differences in physical and chemical properties can be used to distinguish one compound from another - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 11 - 2019
Question 11
Differences in physical and chemical properties can be used to distinguish one compound from another. The compounds extracted from orange juice include antioxidants... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Differences in physical and chemical properties can be used to distinguish one compound from another - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 11 - 2019
Step 1
Comment on differences in physical properties
Answer
The compounds from orange juice, such as limonene and octanal, exhibit different physical properties like boiling points and solubility. For instance, limonene, being a terpene, is non-polar and insoluble in water, while fructose is polar and readily dissolves in water. These differences in polarity and solubility allow for effective separation and identification of the compounds.
Step 2
Comment on differences in chemical properties
Answer
Chemical properties, such as reactivity with acids or bases, can also help in distinguishing these compounds. For example, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) has reducing properties, which can be tested by its reaction with iodine solution, leading to a color change. In contrast, citric acid will behave similarly but can be distinguished by its three carboxylic acid groups and different reactivity patterns. This knowledge on how compounds react under various conditions can guide their identification.
Step 3
Conclude on overall significance
Answer
By understanding and analyzing both the physical and chemical properties of compounds extracted from orange juice, chemists can effectively distinguish and utilize these compounds for various applications in food science and nutrition. Identifying compounds based on these properties is crucial for quality control and formulation of orange juice products.