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To what extent was the role of the British Army the main obstacle to peace in Ireland, 1968–1985? - Scottish Highers History - Question 20 - 2023
Question 20
To what extent was the role of the British Army the main obstacle to peace in Ireland, 1968–1985?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent was the role of the British Army the main obstacle to peace in Ireland, 1968–1985? - Scottish Highers History - Question 20 - 2023
Step 1
Evaluate the Role of the British Army
Answer
The British Army was deployed in Northern Ireland in 1969 to maintain order during the Troubles. Initially, their presence was intended to protect Catholic communities from loyalist violence. However, over time, many Irish nationalists perceived the army as an occupying force, which deepened divisions and resentment in the community. Key incidents, such as Bloody Sunday in 1972, where British soldiers killed unarmed civil rights protesters, resulted in widespread anger and perceptions of the army as a significant obstacle to peace.
Step 2
Analyze Other Factors Influencing Peace
Answer
While the British Army's actions certainly contributed to tensions, other factors also played crucial roles as obstacles to peace. Political divisions between nationalists and unionists, historical grievances, and the actions of paramilitary groups, such as the IRA and loyalist factions, compounded the issue. The British Government’s policies and lack of effective dialogue with nationalist communities further exacerbated the situation, highlighting that the army was not the sole barrier to peace.
Step 3
Conclude with a Balanced Perspective
Answer
In conclusion, while the British Army's role was indeed a significant factor in obstructing peace initiatives in Ireland, attributing the primary obstacle solely to them overlooks the complexity of the conflict. A comprehensive understanding requires acknowledging the interplay of various social, political, and paramilitary factors that collectively influenced the path to peace during this turbulent period.