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How important was the role of terrorism as an obstacle to peace, 1968-1985? Context: The civil rights movement of the mid to late 1960s saw a backlash against it from elements of the unionist community, including the largely Protestant B.U.C - Scottish Highers History - Question 15 - 2019
Question 15
How important was the role of terrorism as an obstacle to peace, 1968-1985? Context: The civil rights movement of the mid to late 1960s saw a backlash against it fr... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:How important was the role of terrorism as an obstacle to peace, 1968-1985? Context: The civil rights movement of the mid to late 1960s saw a backlash against it from elements of the unionist community, including the largely Protestant B.U.C - Scottish Highers History - Question 15 - 2019
Step 1
Role of terrorism:
Answer
The role of terrorism in obstructing peace during 1968-1985 was significant. The emergence of the Provisional IRA (PIRA) as a militant force escalated the violence in Northern Ireland, contributing heavily to public fear and community divisions. The hunger strikes led by Bobby Sands in 1981 galvanized public support for the PIRA and drew attention to the grievances of the nationalist community. However, these acts of terrorism provoked a violent response from the British government and unionist groups, creating a cycle of violence that made negotiations for peace increasingly difficult.
Step 2
Context of the conflict:
Answer
The civil rights movement highlighted the disparities and discrimination faced by the nationalist community. This movement, however, led to a backlash from unionist groups, further entrenching divisions. The arrival of British troops and the implementation of Direct Rule were perceived by nationalists as further oppression, which led to increased radicalization among segments of the population.
Step 3
Impact on peace efforts:
Answer
Terrorism not only perpetuated a climate of fear but also complicated peace efforts. The violent actions by both the PIRA and loyalist paramilitaries stymied any attempts at negotiation. Each side’s escalating violence justified the other's actions, deepening animosity and mistrust. Dialogues aimed at peace were often overshadowed by acts of terror, making reconciliation a challenging goal during this period.