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World War One changed the political situation in Ireland - Scottish Highers History - Question 28 - 2018
Question 28
World War One changed the political situation in Ireland. How valid is this view?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:World War One changed the political situation in Ireland - Scottish Highers History - Question 28 - 2018
Step 1
Context and Initial Impact of World War One
Answer
The First World War initially brought prosperity to Ireland as it created demands in manufacturing and farming, which helped reduce unemployment. However, it also simultaneously highlighted the divisions between Britain and Ireland. Initially, many Irish people supported Britain, influenced by propaganda regarding Germany's invasion. Nationalists and the Irish Parliamentary Party, led by figures like John Redmond, encouraged enlistment of Irish men to support the war effort.
Step 2
Irish Attitudes Towards the War
Answer
By 1914, opposition to the war began to grow, particularly among Sinn Fein and the Irish Volunteers. This shift highlighted discontent with Britain's policies and the perception that Britain was not fully addressing Irish concerns. The recruitment efforts in Ireland raised tensions, particularly when many Irishmen refused to join, further estranging various groups from the British government.
Step 3
The Nationalist Movement and the Easter Rising
Answer
The Easter Rising of 1916 represented a decisive break from Britain, as rebels sought to end British rule. While the Rising was initially viewed negatively by many Irish, the execution of its leaders ignited a surge of nationalist sentiment across Ireland. This event shifted public opinion significantly, as the shame and anger surrounding the executions turned many towards the republican cause.
Step 4
Post-War Developments and Sinn Fein's Rise
Answer
After the war, the political landscape in Ireland was dramatically altered. The rise of Sinn Fein as a political force capitalized on the growing desire for independence. Their election victories and calls for a republic signified a new direction in Irish politics, countering traditional Parliamentarianism. The context of changing attitudes towards Britain and the impact of the war led to growing support for radical republicanism.
Step 5
Conclusion: Validity of the View
Answer
The assertion that World War One changed the political situation in Ireland is valid. The war exacerbated existing tensions and fostered a distinct shift in Irish identity and nationalism. Events such as the Easter Rising and the subsequent rise of Sinn Fein illustrate that the political landscape post-war was shaped significantly by the war's social and political ramifications.