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To what extent did the Nazis stay in power due to the popularity of their social policies, 1933-1939? - Scottish Highers History - Question 27 - 2019
Question 27
To what extent did the Nazis stay in power due to the popularity of their social policies, 1933-1939?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent did the Nazis stay in power due to the popularity of their social policies, 1933-1939? - Scottish Highers History - Question 27 - 2019
Step 1
Social policies
Answer
The Nazis aimed to create a Volksgemeinschaft (national community) that appealed directly to the German populace. Their social policies included programs that were popular among the public, such as employment initiatives and family benefits. For example, initiatives to encourage motherhood and support families helped garner substantial public approval for the regime, leading many to support the Nazis despite their authoritarian methods.
Step 2
Establishment of a totalitarian state
Answer
The Nazis quickly established a totalitarian regime, using the Reichtag Fire and the Enabling Act of 1933 to consolidate power and suppress dissent. The regime's ability to eliminate opposition helped create a climate where social policies could be implemented without significant challenge. This firm control allowed popular policies to be presented as part of a package that was beneficial for the German people.
Step 3
Propaganda
Answer
Propaganda played a crucial role in the Nazis’ ability to maintain power. Led by Joseph Goebbels, the Ministry of Propaganda controlled all aspects of media and information, portraying Nazi social policies in a favorable light. This constant reinforcement of positive propaganda increased the public’s support for the regime's initiatives, directly linking them to the perceived successes of the regime.
Step 4
Economic policies
Answer
The economic recovery under Nazi policies also contributed to their popularity. Reinvestments in infrastructure and efforts to reduce unemployment created tangible benefits for many Germans. The work of figures like Hjalmar Schacht, who focused on government spending to improve economic conditions, further solidified the regime’s favorable image in the eyes of the populace.
Step 5
Social control
Answer
While the social policies were popular, they were often enforced within a context of strict social control and repression of dissenting voices. The Nazis used organizations such as the Hitler Youth and the SS to promote loyalty to the regime, ensuring that social policies were accompanied by indoctrination, reinforcing the regime's authority while simultaneously garnering support.
Step 6
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, while the popularity of social policies was significant in helping the Nazis maintain power, it was the combination of effective propaganda, totalitarian controls, economic recovery, and social organizations that created a robust support system for the regime. The Nazis' ability to intertwine their popular policies with authoritarian governance was crucial in their grip on power from 1933 to 1939.