The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the formation of embryonic stem cells for use in a laboratory. (a) (i) Name the type of cells that divide to form sperm and eggs. (ii) Name the type of cell division occurring at A. (iii) Explain why embryonic stem cells are described as being pluripotent. (b) Explain how differentiation of tissue stem cells leads to the production of specialised cells such as red blood cells. (c) Research has developed a type of stem cell that can be cultured in a laboratory directly from a patient’s own somatic cells. Suggest a benefit to the patient of using these stem cells in therapeutic treatments.

Scottish Highers Human Biology Division and Differentiation in Human Cells: The diagram shows some of the st

The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the formation of embryonic stem cells for use in a laboratory - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 1 - 2022

Question 1

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The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the formation of embryonic stem cells for use in a laboratory. (a) (i) Name the type of cells that divide to form ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the formation of embryonic stem cells for use in a laboratory - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 1 - 2022

Step 1

Name the type of cells that divide to form sperm and eggs.

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Answer

Germline (stem) cells.

Step 2

Name the type of cell division occurring at A.

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Answer

Mitosis.

Step 3

Explain why embryonic stem cells are described as being pluripotent.

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Answer

They can differentiate into/form all cell types and all the genes can be switched on.

Step 4

Explain how differentiation of tissue stem cells leads to the production of specialised cells such as red blood cells.

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Answer

The tissue stem cells switch on/express/activate/triggers specific genes, producing/expression specific proteins/characteristics for that cell, like red blood cells.

Step 5

Suggest a benefit to the patient of using these stem cells in therapeutic treatments.

97%

117 rated

Answer

The patient's own stem cells will not be attacked/destroyed by the immune system/white blood cells.

The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the formation of embryonic stem cells for use in a laboratory - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 1 - 2022

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the formation of embryonic stem cells for use in a laboratory - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 1 - 2022

Name the type of cells that divide to form sperm and eggs.

Name the type of cell division occurring at A.

Explain why embryonic stem cells are described as being pluripotent.

Explain how differentiation of tissue stem cells leads to the production of specialised cells such as red blood cells.

Suggest a benefit to the patient of using these stem cells in therapeutic treatments.

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