A number of hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 7 - 2022
Question 7
A number of hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle.
(a) (i) State one function of each of the following hormones in the menstrual cycle... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A number of hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 7 - 2022
Step 1
State one function of each of the following hormones in the menstrual cycle: FSH
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Answer
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) stimulates the development and maturation of the ovarian follicles, which is essential for the production of eggs.
Step 2
State one function of each of the following hormones in the menstrual cycle: Oestrogen
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Oestrogen is responsible for the repair and thickening of the endometrium, preparing the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.
Step 3
Name the structure within an ovary that produces progesterone.
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Answer
Corpus luteum.
Step 4
Explain how taking this pill would affect the FSH concentrations in her blood during her menstrual cycle.
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Answer
The oral contraceptive pill containing oestrogen and progesterone provides negative feedback to the pituitary gland, inhibiting the release of FSH. As a result, the FSH concentrations in the blood decrease or remain low throughout the menstrual cycle.
Step 5
Explain why menstruation usually occurs during the days that the woman takes the inactive pills.
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Menstruation occurs during the inactive pill phase because the lack of active hormones causes a drop in progesterone and oestrogen levels, triggering the shedding of the uterine lining.
Step 6
Explain how this type of pill prevents pregnancy.
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The morning after pill prevents or delays ovulation, thus reducing the chance of fertilization and subsequent implantation of a fertilized egg.
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