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The graph compares the number of cases of a water-borne disease in two countries between 1990 and 1995 - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 11 - 2018
Question 11
The graph compares the number of cases of a water-borne disease in two countries between 1990 and 1995. (a) (i) Describe how the graph demonstrates that the pattern... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The graph compares the number of cases of a water-borne disease in two countries between 1990 and 1995 - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 11 - 2018
Step 1
Describe how the graph demonstrates that the pattern of the disease was epidemic in country B.
Answer
The graph illustrates that there was a high number of cases in country B, particularly in 1991 and 1992, indicating a significant outbreak. This sharp increase in cases within a short time frame suggests that the disease was widespread during this period.
Step 2
Step 3
Suggest how the pattern of this disease in country A would differ if the disease was sporadic.
Answer
If the disease were sporadic, cases in country A would not follow a predictable pattern. Instead, they would occur occasionally and at irregular intervals, rather than consistently every year.
Step 4
Explain why this level of immunisation protected the whole population.
Answer
Achieving 85% immunisation coverage creates herd immunity, which means that even those who are not immunised are less likely to be exposed to the disease, as the overall number of carriers is reduced. This effectively protects those individuals by limiting the disease's ability to spread.
Step 5
State one reason why it is difficult to immunise 100% of a population against a disease.
Answer
It is difficult to immunise 100% of a population due to various factors such as lack of access to vaccines, geographical isolation, or individuals' personal beliefs and decisions against vaccination.