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The diagram represents stages of an enzyme-catalysed reaction - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 2 - 2023
Question 2
The diagram represents stages of an enzyme-catalysed reaction. (i) Use the diagram to explain why this reaction can be described as catabolic. (ii) The diagram sho... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram represents stages of an enzyme-catalysed reaction - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 2 - 2023
Step 1
Use the diagram to explain why this reaction can be described as catabolic.
Answer
This reaction is catabolic because it involves the breakdown of a large substrate molecule into smaller product molecules. Catabolic processes release energy by cleaving chemical bonds, which is reflected in this enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
Step 2
Step 3
Explain why the products leave the active site.
Answer
The products leave the active site because they have a low affinity for the active site once the reaction is complete. After the enzyme performs its catalytic function, the shape and properties of the products allow them to dissociate from the active site, freeing the enzyme for reuse.
Step 4
Using information from the graph, suggest why a tyrosine concentration of 5 mg/cm³ is used in the commercial production of L-dopa.
Answer
A tyrosine concentration of 5 mg/cm³ is used because it represents the lowest concentration that produces the maximum concentration of L-dopa (~0.010 mg/cm³). Increasing the concentration beyond this level does not further enhance the product yield, making it an efficient choice for production.
Step 5
Suggest why end-products are removed during production processes.
Answer
End-products are regularly removed during production processes to prevent feedback inhibition. This prevents the accumulation of products that could slow down or halt enzyme activity, ensuring continuous and efficient metabolic reactions.