The heart rate and stroke volume of a 40 year old cyclist were monitored as he used an exercise bike - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 8 - 2015
Question 8
The heart rate and stroke volume of a 40 year old cyclist were monitored as he used an exercise bike.
The cyclist was told to pedal at a constant rate as his work l... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The heart rate and stroke volume of a 40 year old cyclist were monitored as he used an exercise bike - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 8 - 2015
Step 1
Use data from the graph to describe the changes that occurred in the cyclist’s stroke volume when the work level increased from 1 to 7 units.
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Answer
Between work levels 1 to 5, the stroke volume increased steadily. It started at 88 cm³ and rose to 140 cm³ by work level 5. From work level 5 to 7, the stroke volume remained constant at 140 cm³.
Step 2
State what the cyclist’s heart rate was when his stroke volume was 120 cm³.
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Answer
The cyclist's heart rate was 102 beats/min when his stroke volume was 120 cm³.
Step 3
Calculate the cyclist’s cardiac output when his work level was 6 units.
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Answer
Using the formula: cardiac output = heart rate × stroke volume, we find the heart rate at work level 6 is 120 beats/min, with a stroke volume of 140 cm³. Thus, cardiac output = 120 × 140 = 16800 cm³/min.
Step 4
Use information from the table and the graph to determine the work level that the cyclist should maintain in order to metabolise fat.
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The cyclist should maintain a work level of 4 units to metabolise fat, as the minimum heart rate for this purpose is 116 beats/min.
Step 5
Use information from the table to predict the minimum heart rate for improving the fitness of a 70 year old.
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Answer
The minimum heart rate for improving fitness in a 70 year old is predicted to be 144 beats/min.
Step 6
Use the table to calculate the percentage decrease that occurs between the ages of 10 and 60 years.
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Answer
To calculate the percentage decrease:
Find the difference in minimum heart rates: 136 - 104 = 32.
Divide the difference by the original value: 32 / 136 = 0.2353.
Multiply by 100 to find the percentage decrease: 0.2353 × 100 = 23.53%.
Thus, the percentage decrease is approximately 23.5%.
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