The diagram shows a neuron - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 10 - 2022
Question 10
The diagram shows a neuron.
(a) Name the parts labelled X and Y.
X _______________________________
Y _______________________________
(b) Neurons connect with oth... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows a neuron - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 10 - 2022
Step 1
Name the parts labelled X and Y.
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Answer
X - cell body
Y - axon
Step 2
State one way that neurotransmitters are removed from a synaptic cleft.
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Answer
Neurotransmitters are broken down by enzymes or taken back into the presynaptic neuron.
Step 3
Explain why neurotransmitters must be removed from a synaptic cleft.
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Neurotransmitters must be removed to prevent continuous or prolonged stimulation of the post-synaptic neuron and to allow another impulse to be transmitted.
Step 4
State the function of the myelin sheath.
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Answer
The myelin sheath insulates the axon and increases the speed of impulse conduction.
Step 5
Name the type of cells that produce myelin.
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Glial cells
Step 6
Describe two differences in the trends for the number of cases of MS in males and females.
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Answer
The number of cases in females is consistently higher than in males at all age groups.
The peak incidence for females is at ages 45-54, while for males, it peaks at ages 35-44.
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