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The diagram represents two neurons and the synapse between them - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 8 - 2017
Question 8
The diagram represents two neurons and the synapse between them. (a) Name the structure labelled P which generates ATP. (b) Describe how an impulse is transmitted ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram represents two neurons and the synapse between them - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 8 - 2017
Step 1
Step 2
Describe how an impulse is transmitted from Neuron A to Neuron B.
Answer
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A vesicle containing neurotransmitters fuses with the presynaptic membrane of Neuron A.
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The neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft and diffuses across the gap to reach Neuron B.
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The neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of Neuron B.
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A sufficient amount of neurotransmitter must be present to reach the threshold and transmit the impulse.
Step 3
Describe the effect that sensitisation has on the synapse and the consequences for the individual.
Answer
Effect: Sensitisation increases the number or sensitivity of receptors at the synapse.
Consequences: This can lead to addiction as the individual may require more of the substance to achieve the same effects.