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The graph contains information about breastfeeding and infant mortality in a country between 2005 and 2012 - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 4 - 2018
Question 4
The graph contains information about breastfeeding and infant mortality in a country between 2005 and 2012. (a) (i) State the infant mortality rate when 35% of moth... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The graph contains information about breastfeeding and infant mortality in a country between 2005 and 2012 - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 4 - 2018
Step 1
Step 2
Calculate the percentage decrease in the infant mortality rate between 2009 and 2012.
Answer
The infant mortality rate in 2009 is 8 per 100,000 and in 2012 it is 5 per 100,000. The decrease is calculated as follows:
ext{Percentage Decrease} = rac{ ext{Old Value} - ext{New Value}}{ ext{Old Value}} imes 100 = rac{8 - 5}{8} imes 100 = 37.5\ ext{%}Step 3
Step 4
Describe evidence from the graph which indicates that the increase in breastfeeding mothers cannot be the only reason for the decrease in infant mortality.
Answer
The graph indicates that between 2007 and 2009, while there is an increase in the percentage of mothers breastfeeding, the infant mortality rate continues to decrease or remains constant. This suggests that other factors, beyond just breastfeeding rates, may be contributing to the decrease in infant mortality.
Step 5
Calculate how many times greater the incidence of diarrhoea is when 0–3 month old babies are bottle fed rather than breastfed.
Answer
To find how many times greater the incidence of diarrhoea is:
ext{Incidence for Bottle Fed (0–3 months)} = 21.6\ ext{%}\ ext{Incidence for Breastfed (0–3 months)} = 3.6\ ext{%}\ \text{Times Greater} = rac{21.6}{3.6} = 6\Step 6
Suggest why there is a greater incidence of diarrhoea in bottle fed babies.
Answer
Bottle fed babies are more susceptible to diarrhoea because bottles, water, or milk can be contaminated with bacteria, viruses, or pathogens. Additionally, breastfed babies are more likely to receive antibodies or immunity from their mother, which may help in preventing infections.