A number of hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 7 - 2022
Question 7
A number of hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle.
(a) (i) State one function of each of the following hormones in the menstrual cycle... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A number of hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 7 - 2022
Step 1
State one function of FSH in the menstrual cycle
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Answer
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) stimulates the development and maturation of the ovarian follicles, leading to the production of oestrogen.
Step 2
State one function of Oestrogen in the menstrual cycle
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Answer
Oestrogen prepares the lining of the uterus for implantation by regenerating the endometrium and making cervical mucus thinner, thus facilitating sperm movement.
Step 3
Name the structure within an ovary that produces progesterone
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Answer
Corpus luteum.
Step 4
Explain how taking this pill would affect the FSH concentrations in her blood during her menstrual cycle
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Answer
Taking the oral contraceptive pill, which contains oestrogen and progesterone, provides negative feedback to the pituitary gland, inhibiting the release of FSH. This leads to decreased concentrations of FSH in the blood, preventing ovulation.
Step 5
Explain why menstruation usually occurs during the days that the woman takes the inactive pills
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Menstruation occurs during the inactive pill days because the withdrawal of hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) allows the uterus to shed its lining, resulting in menstrual bleeding.
Step 6
Explain how this type of pill prevents pregnancy
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Answer
The 'morning after pill' prevents pregnancy by delaying or inhibiting ovulation. It can also alter the uterine lining to make it less suitable for implantation if fertilization has occurred.
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