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The curve with equation $y = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x + 5$ is shown on the diagram - Scottish Highers Maths - Question 7 - 2018

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The curve with equation $y = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x + 5$ is shown on the diagram. (a) Write down the coordinates of P, the point where the curve crosses the y-axis. (b) D... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The curve with equation $y = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x + 5$ is shown on the diagram - Scottish Highers Maths - Question 7 - 2018

Step 1

(a) Write down the coordinates of P, the point where the curve crosses the y-axis.

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Answer

To find the coordinates of point P, we determine where the curve crosses the y-axis. This occurs when x=0x = 0. Substituting x=0x = 0 into the curve's equation:

y=(0)33(0)2+2(0)+5=5y = (0)^3 - 3(0)^2 + 2(0) + 5 = 5

Thus, the coordinates of P are (0,5)(0, 5).

Step 2

(b) Determine the equation of the tangent to the curve at P.

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Answer

To find the equation of the tangent at point P, we first need to calculate the derivative of the curve:

y=3x26x+2y' = 3x^2 - 6x + 2

Next, we evaluate this derivative at x=0x = 0 to find the gradient at P:

y(0)=3(0)26(0)+2=2y'(0) = 3(0)^2 - 6(0) + 2 = 2

Now, using the point-slope form, the equation of the tangent line at point P (0,50, 5) is given by:

y5=2(x0)y - 5 = 2(x - 0)

Simplifying this, we get:

y=2x+5y = 2x + 5

Step 3

(c) Find the coordinates of Q, the point where this tangent meets the curve again.

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Answer

To find the coordinates of Q, we need to set the original curve equal to the tangent line:

x33x2+2x+5=2x+5x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x + 5 = 2x + 5

This simplifies to:

x33x2=0x^3 - 3x^2 = 0

Factoring gives:

x2(x3)=0x^2(x - 3) = 0

Thus, we have two solutions: x=0x = 0 and x=3x = 3. Since x=0x = 0 corresponds to point P, we use x=3x = 3 to find the coordinates of Q:

Substituting x=3x = 3 back into the curve equation:

y=333(3)2+2(3)+5=2727+6+5=11y = 3^3 - 3(3)^2 + 2(3) + 5 = 27 - 27 + 6 + 5 = 11

Therefore, the coordinates of Q are (3,11)(3, 11).

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