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Study Sources A, B and C then attempt the question that follows - Scottish Highers Modern Studies - Question 4 - 2018
Question 4
Study Sources A, B and C then attempt the question that follows. Source A British prisons Crime rates in Britain are falling, however the prison population remain... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study Sources A, B and C then attempt the question that follows - Scottish Highers Modern Studies - Question 4 - 2018
Step 1
Overcrowding and the living conditions of prisoners
Answer
Overcrowding in British prisons has led to severely detrimental living conditions for inmates. Source A indicates that many prisons are operating at more than their Certified Normal Accommodation (CNA), with 60% of prisons exceeding these critical thresholds. The concept of CNA is pivotal as it represents an acceptable standard of living for prisoners.
Additionally, the practice of doubling-up prisoners in cells suggests a significant violation of human rights. Inmates are often confined to their cells for up to 23 hours a day, severely limiting their interaction with others and the rehabilitation programs essential for reform. In 2013, the high number of prisoners—1,755—held in overcrowded conditions shows the alarming scale of this issue.
Human rights organizations argue that such environments hinder rehabilitation processes, negatively impacting the quality of life inside prisons. Therefore, overcrowding not only affects the physical space available but also exacerbates the mental and emotional well-being of inmates, leading to a cycle of re-offending.
Step 2
Overcrowding and safety in prisons
Answer
The safety of prisoners is further compromised due to overcrowding. As noted in Source C, rates of serious assaults and incidents of self-harm have been consistently escalating over the years. For instance, the data shows that serious assaults inside prisons increased significantly, highlighting the growing tensions and potential for violence that overcrowding provokes.
Moreover, the rise in gang influence—reportedly controlling 70% of prisons as of 2013—can also be attributed to overcrowded conditions that foster instability. Gangs thrive in environments where overcrowding exists, as they can exploit the lack of oversight and control. Therefore, the overcrowded conditions not only endanger the physical safety of inmates but also hinder the ability of prison staff to maintain order and provide a secure environment for rehabilitation.
Step 3
Overall conclusion about the extent of overcrowding in British prisons
Answer
In summary, overcrowding in British prisons is a pressing issue that has adverse effects on both the living conditions and safety of inmates. The evidence from Sources A, B, and C collectively demonstrate a systemic failure to provide adequate space and conditions for prisoners. This situation not only violates human rights but also obstructs rehabilitation efforts and increases the likelihood of violence within prisons. Therefore, it is crucial for policymakers to address the root causes of overcrowding to ensure the safety and dignity of all individuals within the prison system.