Evaluate the view that government should be responsible for tackling social inequality. - Scottish Highers Modern Studies - Question b - 2018

To evaluate the view that government should be responsible for tackling social inequality, one must consider various aspects including historical context, sociological perspectives, and potential effectiveness of government interventions.

Historical Context

Historically, the government's role has evolved, especially since the post-World War II period when welfare states emerged in many countries. The view that government should tackle social inequality stems from the belief that it is the state's responsibility to ensure a fair and just society. Governments implement social policies to provide social safety nets, such as unemployment benefits and healthcare, which can mitigate inequality.

Sociological Perspectives

From a sociological perspective, theories such as functionalism argue that inequality can destabilize society. The government, therefore, should act to promote social cohesion and stability. On the other hand, conflict theories suggest that social inequality results from deeper structural issues, driven by capitalism and power disparities, which government policy alone may not effectively address.

Effectiveness of Government Interventions

Government actions can lead to significant improvements in social equity, as seen through policies like progressive taxation and public education. However, critics argue that certain government policies may fail to address the root causes of inequality or could even exacerbate the issue. For instance, welfare dependency can discourage the pursuit of employment, thereby perpetuating inequality.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while the government has a crucial role in addressing social inequality, it is essential to recognize that it is not the sole solution. A multi-faceted approach that includes private sector involvement and community-based initiatives may yield more effective results. Therefore, while the government should take responsibility, it should do so in conjunction with other stakeholders.