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Analyse two approaches to sleep and dreams, one of which must be the biological approach. - Scottish Highers Psychology - Question 2 - 2018
Question 2
Analyse two approaches to sleep and dreams, one of which must be the biological approach.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Analyse two approaches to sleep and dreams, one of which must be the biological approach. - Scottish Highers Psychology - Question 2 - 2018
Step 1
Biological Approach to Sleep and Dreams
Answer
The biological approach emphasizes the physiological and genetic processes that influence sleep and dreams. It explains that the sleep-wake cycle is regulated by circadian rhythms, which are controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus. This structure responds to light cues, thereby synchronizing our biological clock with the environment.
During sleep, various stages occur, including REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, which is crucial for emotional regulation and memory consolidation. Studies show that sleep deprivation can negatively impact cognitive functions, highlighting the necessity of adequate sleep for overall health.
However, one limitation is that this approach tends to overlook psychological and sociocultural factors that may also play a significant role in sleep patterns.
Step 2
Cognitive Approach to Sleep and Dreams
Answer
The cognitive approach focuses on the mental processes involved in sleep and dreams, suggesting that they play a critical role in information processing. It posits that dreams may be a way for the brain to organize and store information acquired throughout the day, aiding in memory consolidation.
However, this approach has its limitations as it can ignore the biological underpinnings of sleep, focusing primarily on cognitive aspects. Additionally, while it provides valuable insights, the method lacks empirical evidence, which could strengthen its claims regarding the functions and significance of dreams.