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4.1.2 The Absorption & Emission of EM Radiation

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The absorption of electromagnetic radiation would cause electrons to become 'excited' and move further from the nucleus to a higher energy level. The emission of electromagnetic radiation would cause electrons to move closer to the nucleus, to a lower energy level.

Therefore, atoms and particles in the nuclei can absorb and emit electromagnetic waves over a wide range of frequencies.

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Atoms and Electromagnetic Radiation

  • When electrons change orbit (move closer or further from the nucleus):
    • Move to a higher orbit (further from the nucleus):
    • The atom has absorbed EM radiation.
  • Fall to a lower orbit (closer to the nucleus):
  • The atom has emitted EM radiation.
  • If an electron gains enough energy, it can leave the atom to form a positive ion.
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