Key Points:

• Varies with depth and density, leading to an upward force on a partially submerged object.
• The buoyancy force is the upward force that counteracts the weight of the floating object.
• This is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

Increasing depth increases the weight of the water above you, resulting in greater force felt and thus greater pressure.

Formula

Where pressure $p$ is in pascals Pa, the height of the column $h$ in meters m, the density $\rho$ in kilograms per meter cubed kg/m³, and the gravitational field strength $g$ in newtons per kilogram N/kg, which is normally 10.

Key Notes:

• The total weight of the air above a unit area at a certain altitude causes the pressure.
• With higher elevation, there are fewer air molecules above the unit area than the same area at lower heights, resulting in smaller weight and thus less pressure.