2.5.2 Zakah

Zakah: The Role and Significance of Giving Alms

The practice of Zakah has its origins in the teachings of the Quran and the Sunnah, where it is emphasized as a means of purifying one's wealth and supporting the welfare of the community. The word "Zakah" itself means purification and growth, reflecting the belief that giving Zakah purifies the giver's wealth and soul, while also promoting social equality and justice.

How and Why Zakah Is Given

This amount is calculated on assets such as money, gold, silver, and business commodities, but not on essential items like a primary residence or necessary personal belongings.

• Purpose: Zakah is given to help those who are less fortunate, including the poor, the needy, those in debt, and travelers in need. It is also used to support Islamic institutions and charitable projects that benefit the community.
• Spiritual Significance: By giving Zakah, Muslims demonstrate their obedience to Allah, their compassion for others, and their commitment to social responsibility. It is seen as an act of worship that fosters a sense of solidarity and reduces economic disparities within the Muslim community.

Benefits of Receipt

For recipients, Zakah provides essential financial assistance that can help them meet their basic needs, such as food, clothing, shelter, and medical care. It can also provide opportunities for education, job training, and other means to improve their quality of life. Receiving Zakah can thus be a lifeline for those in difficult circumstances, helping to lift them out of poverty and enable them to become self-sufficient.

Khums in Shi'a Islam

In addition to Zakah, Shi'a Muslims observe the practice of Khums, which is another form of almsgiving. Khums involves giving 20% of one's surplus income, after all necessary expenses have been paid, and it is divided into two equal parts: one part is given to the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad (Sayyids) and the other part is used to support religious education, community welfare, and other charitable causes.

• Purpose: Khums is seen as a way to support religious leadership and ensure the well-being of the Muslim community, especially those related to the Prophet's family who may be in need.
• Difference from Zakah: While Zakah is obligatory for all Muslims and focuses on a wider range of community needs, Khums is specific to Shi'a practice and includes a focus on supporting religious scholars and the descendants of the Prophet.