Adsorption

Definition:

• Adsorption is the process by which molecules or atoms from a gas or liquid adhere or "stick" to the surface of a solid or liquid substance.

Surface Attraction:

• Adsorption occurs when molecules are attracted to and bind with the surface of another material.
• It differs from absorption, where substances are taken up throughout the entire material.

Adsorbent and Adsorbate:

• The material attracting molecules is called the "adsorbent."
• The molecules being attracted and adhering to the surface are the "adsorbate."

Examples:

• Activated Carbon: Activated carbon is used in water filtration to adsorb impurities and pollutants, improving water quality.
• Silica Gel: Silica gel packets in shoeboxes and food packaging adsorb moisture to prevent spoilage or damage.
• Catalysis: In catalysis, reactant molecules adsorb onto the catalyst's surface to facilitate chemical reactions.

Importance:

• Adsorption plays a crucial role in various applications, such as purification, drying, and catalysis.
• It's used to separate and remove impurities or to enhance chemical processes.

Summary:

• Adsorption is the process where molecules or atoms stick to the surface of a solid or liquid substance. It is a fundamental concept used in various applications to purify substances, remove impurities, and facilitate chemical reactions.