Fossil Fuels: Oil, Coal, Natural Gas

Introduction

• Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources formed from ancient organic matter.
• They have been essential for human energy needs but come with environmental challenges.

Oil (Petroleum)

• Oil is a liquid fossil fuel extracted from underground reservoirs.
• It is used for transportation, heating, and the production of various products.

Coal

• Coal is a solid fossil fuel formed from compressed plant remains.
• It has historically been used for electricity generation and industrial processes.

Natural Gas

• Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel found alongside oil deposits.
• It is used for heating, electricity generation, and as a cleaner fuel alternative.

Formation of Fossil Fuels

• Fossil fuels are formed over millions of years from organic matter under heat and pressure.
• This organic matter includes plants, algae, and marine organisms.

Extraction and Processing

• Fossil fuels are extracted from underground or underwater deposits.
• They undergo refining and processing to make them usable.

Energy Density

• Fossil fuels have a high energy density, meaning they provide a lot of energy per unit of weight.
• This makes them efficient for energy production and transportation.

---

Fossil Fuels: Oil, Coal, Natural Gas

Environmental Impact

• Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide (CO2) and other pollutants.
• This contributes to climate change, air pollution, and environmental degradation.

Resource Depletion

• Fossil fuels are finite resources, and their extraction can lead to resource depletion.
• Over-extraction can also harm ecosystems and landscapes.

Transition to Clean Energy

• The world is transitioning to cleaner, more sustainable energy sources to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
• Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower are becoming increasingly important.

Summary

• Fossil fuels, including oil, coal, and natural gas, have been the primary energy sources for centuries.
• They are non-renewable and have significant environmental and resource depletion challenges.
• A shift towards cleaner energy sources is crucial for a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy future.