Factors Driving Nationalism in Germany

Introduction

The growth of nationalism in Germany during the 19th century was influenced by a complex interplay of social, political, and economic factors. This discussion focuses on the economic factors that contributed to the rise of nationalism in Germany.

International Competition and Economic Lag:

Industrial Revolution Disadvantage:

• Disadvantage: Germany faced economic challenges in the wake of the Industrial Revolution, struggling to compete with British firms. British industrialization had surged ahead, creating an economic gap between the two nations.

Better Transport Infrastructure

German businesses recognized the need for improved transportation infrastructure to facilitate the movement of goods within the German Confederation. By the 1850s, substantial investments resulted in the construction of 3,000 miles of railway lines, which significantly enhanced economic connectivity.

Impact of Prussia

Prussia played a pivotal role in promoting economic integration within its territories. Prussian leadership took steps such as eliminating internal taxes in 1818 and introducing tariffs on goods from outside Prussia. These measures aimed to stimulate economic growth and cooperation within the Confederation.

Support from Business Community

Business interests across the Confederation supported economic changes, fostering unity among different German states. The success of these economic initiatives, particularly the expansion of the railway network, demonstrated the benefits of cooperation.

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Economic Factor

Positive Impact on Society

Economic growth resulting from these changes had a broad-based positive impact on society. The expansion of the German economy created more job opportunities, garnering support for closer links among the populace. This economic prosperity also laid the groundwork for political transformations.

Challenges for Workers

Despite economic growth, some German workers still saw limited benefits, particularly in comparison to the industrial advancements of the United Kingdom.

Increased Prussian Power:

• Some states within the Confederation were wary that deepening economic ties might lead to an increase in Prussian dominance, raising concerns about maintaining their own autonomy.

Conclusion

Economic factors played a significant role in fueling the growth of nationalism in Germany during the 19th century. The challenges posed by international competition, coupled with efforts to enhance economic links and Prussia's initiatives, contributed to a sense of shared economic interests among German states. This, in turn, fostered support for greater economic integration and laid the groundwork for broader nationalist sentiments and political transformations in the years to come.