Use of Embryos - Therapeutic

Introduction

The use of embryos in medicine is a complex and controversial ethical issue. This topic addresses the ethical concerns and the medical advancements related to the use of embryos for therapeutic purposes.

Historical Perspective

• Early 20th century: In vitro fertilization (IVF) revolutionized the field of assisted reproductive technology.
• 1978: The first successful IVF birth occurred with Louise Brown.
• This breakthrough led to increased use of embryos for research and therapeutic purposes.

Therapeutic Uses of Embryos

• Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent, capable of differentiating into any cell type.
• James Thomson isolated human ESCs, opening new possibilities for regenerative medicine.
• Potential applications in treating diseases like Parkinson's and diabetes.

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD):

• PGD is used to screen embryos for genetic diseases before implantation.
• Offers a way to prevent the transmission of hereditary disorders.

Organ Transplants:

• Embryonic stem cells can be used to grow replacement organs in the lab.
• A solution to the organ shortage crisis in medicine.

Ethical Concerns

Destruction of Embryos:

• ESC research often involves the destruction of embryos, which some view as morally wrong.
• The debate between the sanctity of life and medical progress.

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Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies

Therapeutic

Destruction of Embryos:

• PGD raises concerns about creating "designer babies" with specific traits.
• The ethics of selecting for non-medical traits.

Regulatory Framework:

• Scottish Human Embryology and Teratology Authority (HETA) regulates embryo research in Scotland.
• The importance of strict guidelines and oversight.

Conclusion

The use of embryos in medicine is a critical topic in the context of morality, medicine, and the human body. Historical breakthroughs have led to advancements in stem cell research, PGD, and organ transplants. Ethical concerns surrounding embryo destruction and "designer babies" require careful consideration and regulation.