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Explain how any three of the following factors influence climate: - Latitude - Prevailing winds - Distance from seas and oceans - Altitude - Relief. - Junior Cycle Geography - Question B - 2013
Question B
Explain how any three of the following factors influence climate: - Latitude - Prevailing winds - Distance from seas and oceans - Altitude - Relief.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain how any three of the following factors influence climate: - Latitude - Prevailing winds - Distance from seas and oceans - Altitude - Relief. - Junior Cycle Geography - Question B - 2013
Step 1
Latitude
Answer
Latitude refers to the distance of a place from the equator, measured in degrees. It has a significant influence on climate because areas closer to the equator receive more direct sunlight year-round, resulting in higher temperatures and a tropical climate. Conversely, higher latitudes (toward the poles) receive sunlight at a lower angle, leading to cooler temperatures. This variation in temperature influences the types of vegetation found in different regions, as well as seasonal weather patterns.
Step 2
Prevailing winds
Answer
Prevailing winds are wind patterns that blow predominantly from one direction over a particular area. These winds can influence climate by transporting humid air from oceans or dry air from land surfaces. For instance, winds blowing from the ocean can bring moisture and result in higher precipitation, affecting ecosystems and agriculture. Conversely, dry winds can lead to arid conditions. The direction and strength of these winds can also determine temperature variations across regions.
Step 3
Altitude
Answer
Altitude, or elevation above sea level, plays a crucial role in climate. As altitude increases, temperature generally decreases, leading to cooler climates in mountainous regions compared to surrounding lowlands. This phenomenon is due to the thinning of the atmosphere at higher elevations, which cannot retain heat as effectively. Additionally, variations in altitude can affect weather patterns, precipitation levels, and the distribution of flora and fauna, with distinct ecosystems emerging at different altitudes.